Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion Surgery

We’re always told to stand up straight, but your spine isn’t necessarily a straight line. The lower back curves inward, while the upper back curves outward to accommodate the organs of the chest. So despite having a straight appearance from the front, the spine maintains arcs that are vital to body support. When these curvatures are even minimally off center, a spinal condition like scoliosis may be causing the issue.

What Happens During a PLIF Procedure?

To assess your condition before surgery, your doctor will have you undergo tests like an MRI or CT scan to determine what size implant may be necessary to correct your spinal issue. During surgery, you will be sedated before an incision in your back is made to help your surgeon access your spine. At this point, your doctor will insert any needed pedicle screws above and/or below the fusion site. 

Once these are in place, your surgeon may remove any or all of the following:

• Lamina: The bony sheath surrounding your spinal canal that protects your spinal cord and nerve roots.

• Facet joints: The hinge where two vertebrae meet. Your surgeon will only trim the facet joints if you have pinched nerves from scoliosis, kyphosis, or lordosis.
• Damaged discs: Discs are the rubbery cushions between each vertebra that may bulge or become herniated because of your condition. An implant will bridge this new disc space.

Once this step is complete, your orthopedic surgeon may attach medical-grade rods to any pedicle screws previously installed. These will help realign your spine by correcting abnormal curves or slipped vertebrae. Afterward, a bone grafting material will be placed within the open space to encourage the vertebrae to fuse. You might also have a special cage installed to better support and fill the remaining gap where disc cartilage once was.

Recovery Expectations after a Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion Surgery

This surgery is an inpatient procedure, and most patients can head home 3–5 days after surgery. During the hospital stay, you can expect to meet with physical therapists who will instruct you on the best walking techniques and how to get out of bed. You will receive direction regarding any restrictions and after-care during the first few weeks post-surgery. Over time, you will eventually be able to do more bending, twisting, and lifting once your muscles have healed and your back is stronger.